Li-catalyst tse ling tsa petrochemical
Li-catalyst tse ling tsa petrochemical
Hydration ke karabelo eo ho eona metsi a kopanang le ntho e 'ngoe ho etsa molek'hule o le mong.Limolek'hule tsa metsi tse nang le hydrogen le hydroxyl le limolek'hule tsa lintho tse bonahalang unsaturated bond tlatsetso ho theha metsoako e mecha, tshebetsong ena e phetha karolo ea catalytic ka lintho tse bonahalang tse bitsoang hydration catalyst, mokhoa ona synthesis e se e sebelisoa ka tlhahiso organic lik'hemik'hale.Ts'ebetso ea hydration ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea ho kopanya manyolo, empa joalo ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa tlhahiso, e lekanyelitsoe ho mefuta e fokolang ea lihlahisoa, joalo ka ethanol le diol.
Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ho ka etsoa ka ho futhumatsa kapa ho kenya letsoho kapa ka karabelo ka sesebelisoa sa dehydrating.Karabelo ea ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ke mokhoa oa revers of hydration reaction, hangata endothermic reaction, ka kakaretso, mocheso o phahameng le khatello e tlase e thusa karabelo.Ho phaella moo, boholo ba ts'ebetso ea ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng e tlameha ho etsoa ka pel'a li-catalysts.Sehlahisoa se sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea hydration - acid catalyst e boetse e loketse ho felloa ke metsi, e atisang ho sebelisoa ke sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, aluminium oxide joalo-joalo.Li-catalyst tse fapaneng li na le lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa mantlha le khetho e phahameng.
Alkylation ke ho fetisoa ha sehlopha sa alkyl ho tloha molek'hule e 'ngoe ho ea ho e' ngoe.Boitšoaro boo sehlopha sa alkyl (methyl, ethyl, joalo-joalo) se kenngoa ka har'a molek'hule ea motsoako.Lisebelisoa tsa alkylation tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ke olefin, halane, alkyl sulfate ester, joalo-joalo.
Ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho hloekisa, mokhoa oa alkylation o kopanya li-alkene tse tlaase tsa molek'hule (haholo-holo propylene le butene) le isobutane e sebelisang catalyst (sulfonic kapa hydrofluoric acid) ho etsa alkylates (haholo-holo li-octane tse phahameng, li-alkanes tse ka thōko).Karabelo ea alkylation e ka aroloa ka alkylation ea mocheso le catalytic alkylation.Ka lebaka la mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso oa alkylation reaction, ho bonolo ho hlahisa pyrolysis le likarolo tse ling tsa mahlakoreng, kahoo mokhoa oa catalytic alkylation o amoheloa indastering.
Hobane sulfuric acid le hydrofluoric acid li na le asiti e matla, ho bola ha lisebelisoa ho tebile haholo.Ka hona, ho latela pono ea tlhahiso e bolokehileng le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, li-catalyst tsena tse peli ha se li-catalyst tse loketseng.Hajoale, superacid e tiileng e sebelisoa e le alkylation catalyst, empa ha e so fihle boemong ba ts'ebeliso ea indasteri ho fihlela joale.
Phetoho ea sehlahisoa se le seng le se seng.Mokhoa oa ho fetola sebopeho sa motsoako ntle le ho fetola sebopeho kapa boima ba molek'hule.Phetoho ya boemo ba athomo kapa sehlopha ho molek'hule wa motsoako.Hangata ka boteng ba li-catalysts.
Mofuta o le mong oa hydrocarbon o ka fetoloa mefuta e 'meli ea hydrocarbon e fapaneng ka ho sebelisa mokhoa oa ho se leka-lekane, kahoo ho hloka tekano ke o mong oa mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea ho laola phepelo le tlhoko ea hydrocarbon indastering.Lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho se lekane ha toluene ho eketsa tlhahiso ea xylene le ho hlahisa benzene e hloekileng ka nako e le 'ngoe, le propylene disproportionation ho hlahisa mekhoa ea triolefin ea polymer-grade ethylene le high purity butene.Phetolelo ea toluene ho benzene le xylene hangata e sebelisa silicon aluminium catalyst.Hajoale, phuputso e tsebahalang ka ho fetesisa ke molecular sieve catalyst, joalo ka meridionite-mofuta oa silk molecular sieve.
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